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Implementación de paja de arroz y fibras de pseudotallo de plátano como elementos de refuerzo en paneles constructivos con matriz arcillosa
| dc.contributor.author | Hurtado Figueroa, Oswaldo | |
| dc.coverage.spatial | Colombia | en_US |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2026-04-22T16:06:48Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2026-04-22T16:06:48Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2025-09-08 | |
| dc.identifier.issn | 2954-7288 | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://repositorioinstitucional.ufpso.edu.co/xmlui/handle/20.500.14167/6222 | |
| dc.description.abstract | La presión ambiental ejercida por la industria de la construcción debido al uso de recursos naturales junto al gasto energético y los residuos generados en la extracción, procesamiento y elaboración de elementos constructivos obliga a la implementación de materiales alternativos de bajo impacto ambiental que contemplen las exigencias fisicomecánicas solicitadas por las normativas vigentes. En consecuencia, investigaciones centran su objetivo principal en el uso materiales, técnicas y metodologías novedosas con el fin de reducir el gasto energético y la generación de residuos. Sin embargo, investigadores han decidido dar un vistazo atrás para retomar las técnicas constructivas ancestrales que usaban recursos naturales del mismo entorno. En ese sentido, la tierra arcillosa y las fibras vegetales junto a otras especies de fácil crecimiento como las gramíneas dieron origen a las técnicas Adobe, Tapia pisada, Bahareque, y Cob. Técnicas constructivas ancestrales donde prima el uso de materiales propios de la zona con mínimo o nulo gasto energético para su implementación. Materiales con ventaja ambiental en su reutilización mediante humectación o disposición final a través de depósito en lugares donde se pretenda la ubicación de zonas verdes debido a las características compostables de los elementos de partida. Con lo anterior, la presente investigación desarrollada en el marco de la tesis del programa Doctorado en Innovación Tecnológica en Edificación de la Universidad politécnica de Madrid – UPM, contemplo la elaboración de paneles constructivos con matriz arcillosa reforzados con fibras vegetales. En la investigación se mejoraron las propiedades fisicomecánicas de la paja de arroz y las fibras de pseudotallo de plátano mediante tratamiento alcalino con hidróxido de sodio (NaOH) para su incorporación como elementos de refuerzo en matriz arcillosa estabilizada con almidón de yuca y carboximetilcelulosa. A las mezclas se les adiciono resina de origen natural para incrementar su comportamiento mecánico. Con las mezclas se elaboraron paneles constructivos experimentales revestidos con papel artesanal de celulosa de la planta de plátano. Paneles con características compostables con los que se pretenden sustituir los paneles de yeso cartón tradicionalmente utilizados en las construcciones livianas en seco o sistema tipo Drywall. De esta manera, se pretende la innovación de materiales constructivos a través del uso de arcilla cruda, sin proceso de cocción, y residuos vegetales postcosecha. Material ecológico cuya disposición finalizando su vida útil presenta nulo impacto ambiental mediante su implementación como abono en zonas verdes. | en_US |
| dc.language.iso | spa | en_US |
| dc.relation | https://acofipapers.org/index.php/eiei/article/view/4260 | en_US |
| dc.title | Implementación de paja de arroz y fibras de pseudotallo de plátano como elementos de refuerzo en paneles constructivos con matriz arcillosa | en_US |
| dc.title.translated | Use of rice straw and banana pseudostem fibers as reinforcing elements in construction panels with a clay matrix | en_US |
| dc.contributor.cvlac | Oswaldo Hurtado Figueroa [0001641497] | en_US |
| dc.contributor.googlescholar | Oswaldo Hurtado Figueroa [6s0KdFEAAAAJ] | en_US |
| dc.contributor.orcid | Oswaldo Hurtado Figueroa [0000-0003-3175-1213] | en_US |
| dc.contributor.researchgate | Oswaldo Hurtado Figueroa [Oswaldo-Hurtado-Figueroa-2] | en_US |
| dc.contributor.scopus | Oswaldo Hurtado Figueroa [57205117191] | en_US |
| dc.description.abstractenglish | The environmental pressure exerted by the construction industry due to the use of natural resources together with the energy expenditure and waste generated in the extraction, processing and elaboration of construction elements, makes it necessary to implement alternative materials with lowenvironmental impact that meet the physicomechanical requirements of current regulations.Consequently, research focuses on the use of novel materials, techniques and methodologies to reduce energy consumption and waste generation. However, researchers have decided to take a look back at ancient construction techniques that used natural resources from the same environment. In this sense, clay soil and vegetable fibers together with other species of easy growth such as grasses gave rise to the earth brick, rammed earth, wattle and daub, and Cob. Ancestral construction techniques where the use of local materials with minimal or no energy expenditure for its implementation is a priority. Materials with environmental advantage in their reuse through wetting or final disposal through deposit in places where green areas are intended to be located due to the compostable characteristics of the starting elements. With the above, the present research developed in the framework of the thesis of the PhD program in Technological Innovation in Building of the Polytechnic University of Madrid - UPM, contemplated the development of construction panels with clay matrix reinforced with vegetable fibers. The research improved the physicomechanical properties of rice straw and plantain pseudostem fibers by alkaline treatment with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) for their incorporation as reinforcing elements in a clay matrix stabilized with cassava starch and carboxymethylcellulose. Natural resin was added to the mixtures to increase their mechanical behavior. The mixtures were used to make experimental construction panels coated with handmade cellulose paper from the plantain plant. Panels with compostable characteristics that are intended to replace the gypsum board panels traditionally used in light dry construction or Drywall type system. In this way, the innovation of construction materials is sought through the use of raw clay, without firing process, and post-harvest vegetable residues. Ecological material whose disposal at the end of its useful life presents zero environmental impact through its implementation as fertilizer in green areas. | en_US |
| dc.subject.proposal | paja de arroz | en_US |
| dc.subject.proposal | ibras de pseudotallo de plátano | en_US |
| dc.subject.proposal | matriz arcillosa | en_US |
| dc.subject.keywords | rice straw | en_US |
| dc.subject.keywords | plantain pseudostem fibers | en_US |
| dc.subject.keywords | clay matrix | en_US |
| dc.publisher.faculty | Facultad ingenierías | en_US |
| dc.type.redcol | http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTDIV | en_US |
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| dc.identifier.DOI | https://doi.org/10.26507/paper.4260 | en_US |
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